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In offset là gì? Quy trình in offset diễn ra như thế nào?

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Kỹ thuật in offset đang là kỹ thuật in hiện đại được sử dụng phổ biến nhất hiện nay. Vậy như thế nào là kỹ thuật in offset và quy trình in offset diễn ra như thế nào? Cùng Công ty In Phú Sỹ tìm hiểu trong bài viết dưới đây nhé!

>>> Những điều cần chú ý khi sử dụng công nghệ in offset
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san-pham-in-offset

Sản phẩm in offset

Tìm hiểu công nghệ in offset
1.      In offset là gì?
In offset là một kỹ thuật in ấn trong đó, các hình ảnh dính mực in được ép lên các tấm cao su (còn gọi là các tấm offset) trước rồi mới ép từ miếng cao su này lên giấy. Khi sử dụng với in thạch bản, kỹ thuật này tránh được việc làm nước bị dính lên giấy theo mực in.

2.      Ưu điểm của kỹ thuật in offset
Các ưu điểm của kỹ thuật in này là:
– Chất lượng hình ảnh cao – nét và sạch hơn in trực tiếp từ bản in lên giấy vì miếng cao su áp đều lên bề mặt cần in
– Khả năng ứng dụng in ấn lên nhiều bề mặt, kể cả bề mặt không phẳng (như gỗ, vải, kim loại, da, giấy thô nhám).
– Việc chế tạo các bản in dễ dàng hơn.
– Các bản in có tuổi thọ lâu hơn – vì không phải trực tiếp tiếp xúc với bề mặt cần in.

mo-hinh-in-offset

Mô phỏng quy trình in offset

3.      Quy trình in offset:
In offset là quy trình in gián tiếp được chia làm 3 giai đoạn cơ bản:
– Chà ẩm và chà mực lên khuôn in.
– Mực được truyền từ khuôn in lên bề mặt tấm cao su.
– Kết thúc mực truyền từ bề mặt cao su sang bề mặt giấy in.

Các bước in offset:
Bước 1: Thiết kế chế bản: Tạo ra đối tượng cần in trên máy tính.
Bước 2: Output Film
Chế bản xong thì xuất để outfilm, đối với các tờ rơi có hình ảnh, Film sẽ được out thành bốn tấm đại diện cho bốn lớp mầu C (Cyan), M (Magenta), Y (Yellow), K (Black). Tới đây ta đề cập một chút về vấn đề mầu sắc trong in Opset:
Bước 3: Phơi bản kẽm:
Khi đã có 4 tấm phim, người ta đem phơi từng tấm một lên bản kẽm, đến đây ta đã có trong tay 4 bản kẽm đại diện cho 4 mầu C, M, Y, K để bước sang phần in.
Bước 4: In Opset:
Người ta sẽ tiến hành in từng màu một, in màu gì trước, màu gì sau không quan trọng hoặc tùy vào kinh nghiệm của người thợ in. Đầu tiên, người ta sẽ lựa chọn một trong 4 kẽm màu đó để lắp lên quả lô máy in Opset, ở phần vào mực của máy người ta cũng sẽ cho loại mực tương ứng (ví dụ bản kẽm mầu C (Cyan) thì người ta cũng cho mực C và tiến hành in, Quả lô quay qua tờ giấy sẽ đập phần tử in xuống tờ giấy in, sau khi chạy xong hết số lượng định in, người ta tháo kẽm ra, vệ sinh hết mực cũ, lắp kẽm mới vào, ví dụ mầu vừa in xong là mầu C (cyan) thì giờ sẽ lắp kẽm Y (Yellow) vào, phần vào mực sẽ cho mực Y (vàng), cho giấy đã in một mầu kia vào và lại tiếp tục quy trình cũ….
Cứ thế tuần tự cho đến khi hết cả bốn mầu, bốn mầu đó chồng lên nhau sẽ cho ra bản in cuối cùng. Trong quá trình in như vậy, với mỗi màu, người ta sẽ phải chạy thử khoảng 50 bản cho màu thật ổn định. Tổng cộng cả quá trình vào khoảng 200 bản chạy thử. Chính vì vậy, khi in offset, người ta phải tính dư giấy ra khoảng 200 tờ in (gọi là bù hao giấy)

mo-phong-in-offset

Mô phỏng in offset

Bước 5: Gia công sau in:
Cán láng: Cán láng là cán lớp màng mỏng lên bề mặt của tờ rơi sau khi in, cán láng sẽ tạo ra cho tờ rơi sự mịn của giấy khiến cho hình ảnh cũng trở nên đẹp hơn.
Có 2 kiểu cán láng: cán mờ và cán bóng: Cán mờ sẽ tạo ra bề mặt mịn và mềm còn Cán bóng sẽ cho bề mặt bóng hẳn lên.
Cán láng chỉ là một trang sức sau khi in, không bắt buộc, khách hàng có thể lựa chọn hoặc không là tuỳ.
Xén: Thông thường khi in người ta sẽ để tờ giấy to (phù hợp với khổ máy) để in; Sau khi in xong sẽ sử dụng máy xén để xén thành phẩm.

4.      Đặc điểm cơ bản của công nghệ in offset
Công nghệ in offset có những đặc điểm cơ bản sau:
– Phần tử in và không in hầu như cùng nằm trên một mặt phẳng.
– Do tính chất hóa lý phần tử in bắt mực đẩy nước và phần tử không in bắt nước đẩy mực.

5.      Thành phần chính của máy in offset
Máy in Offset thường được nhập khẩu từ các nước Đức, Mỹ, Nhật…như: Komori, Heidelberg, Sakurai Oliver, Shinohara, Fuji, Hamada, Ryobi, Itoh, Nagai, Sugiyama, Katsuda Friend Hop, Yanagida, Shoei, Horizon, Stahl, Polar, Schneider, Wohlenberg, Uchida, Roland ….
Máy in gồm 3 cụm chính: cụm chuyển giấy trắng, cụm ép in, cụm vận chuyển tờ in ra bàn nhận sản phẩm.
Một đơn vị của thiết bị in gồm 3 bộ phận chính:
– Trục ống mang khuôn (gọi là trục ống bản)
– Trục ống mang tấm cao su ( còn gọi là ống offset)
– Trục ống in, hệ thống lô truyền ẩm và hệ thống lô truyền mực.

Kỹ thuật in offset cho ra đời những sản phẩm có chất lượng cao, hình ảnh sắc nét nên rất thích hợp với việc sản xuất các sản phẩm in trên nền giấy như: sách báo tạp chí, catalogue, tài liệu quảng cáo tiếp thị, các ấn phẩm cần thiết cho doanh nghiệp…Sản phẩm in có thể một màu hoặc nhiều màu với kích thước khác nhau tùy theo yêu cầu của khách hàng. Đó là lý do công nghệ in offset trở thành công nghệ được ưa chuộng nhất hiện nay.

Liên hệ với chúng tôi để được tư vấn và hỗ trợ miễn phí mọi vấn để về in ấn.
Mọi chi tiết xin vui long liên hệ
CÔNG TY IN PHÚ SỸ
Địa chỉ: 103 Láng Hạ, Đống Đa, Hà Nội
ĐT: 04.3562 6622 | 04.6675 9495
Fax: 04.3562 6622
Mobile: 098 333 9900
http://inphusy.vn

Phusy Printing

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