{"id":1125,"date":"2021-03-13T22:57:39","date_gmt":"2021-03-13T22:57:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/inphusy.vn\/?p=1125"},"modified":"2025-05-04T14:48:48","modified_gmt":"2025-05-04T07:48:48","slug":"cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/inphusy.vn\/en\/cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7t t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng ch\u1ea1y theo c\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.
\nKhi Elliot Jay Stocks tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u201cDestroy the web 2.0 look\u201d (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n web 2.0) c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n websites ra \u0111\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y b\u1ed7ng \u00edt b\u00f3ng b\u1ea9y h\u01a1n.
\nNh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed5, v\u00e1t c\u1ea1nh, ph\u00f9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u00f9ng s\u1eafc m\u00e0u s\u1eb7c s\u1ee1 v\u00e0 ph\u00f4ng n\u1ec1n loang l\u1ed5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i m\u1ed1t. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e2u n\u0103m v\u1edbi \u201ch\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u0169\u201d c\u1ee7a web 2.0 th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Elliot \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi.
\nTuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u n\u1eefa nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7t t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng ch\u1ea1y theo c\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.
\nCh\u00fang ta h\u00e3y t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng theo tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong gi\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/em><\/strong>
\nH\u00e3y c\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1edbt qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng sau \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00ednh l\u00edu \u0111\u1ebfn nhau. C\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean minh n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n.
\nCh\u00fa \u00fd: Danh s\u00e1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch. M\u1ed7i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1edfi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u00fat n\u00e0o.
\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9\u201d xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf web tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5m (dotted variety).
\nS\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9\u201d l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn tinh vi t\u1eeb \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5m\u201d sang \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch\u201d, gia t\u1ed1 v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng 3D kh\u00e1c.
\nM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9\u201d c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9\u201d r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 v\u1ea3i, da, hay nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u s\u1ea7n s\u00f9i n\u00f3i chung.
\nTrong th\u1eddi gian x\u00e1c minh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9\u201d th\u00ec c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e1nh l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Skeuomorphic\u00a0 – h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt.
\nC\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n Zigzag<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf web n\u00ean c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh, c\u0169ng may ch\u00fang h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n.
\nTuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Zigzag \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua v\u00e0 \u0111ang d\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfm x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.
\nC\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm ra l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh n\u00e0y m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n zigzag n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t thu h\u00fat ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u2013 v\u1eady l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e0nh ng\u1eadm ng\u00f9i m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i ruy b\u0103ng<\/em><\/strong>
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C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n, ruy b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1i t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 ra b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ruy bang m\u1edbi v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f2e ra. V\u00e0i ruy b\u0103ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 h\u01a1n hai n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e9o \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh.
\nCho d\u00f9 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ruy b\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n zigzag kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e9o l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ruy b\u0103ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ho\u00e0i c\u1ed5, g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.
\nS\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i b\u0103ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Typography c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n).
\n\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i b\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i ruy b\u0103ng c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a web 2.0.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u (textures)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00f3a, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u00f3c b\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c m\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecda v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n c\u00f3 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u2013 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea7n, b\u1ee5i hay nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft l\u1eb1n tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t \u201cth\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng\u201d, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Photoshop. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e0n lan nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb mong mu\u1ed1n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac th\u1ef1c (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng);<\/p>\n

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Ho\u1eb7c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n do s\u1ef1 ghen t\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c in \u1ea5n khi h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf h\u1eefu nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o phong ph\u00fa.<\/p>\n

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Ch\u1eef ch\u00ecm (Letterpress)<\/strong>
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\nM\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Smashing Magazine n\u0103m 2009 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef in n\u1ed5i \u0111ang d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a n\u0103m. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 x\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c chau chu\u1ed1t Typography c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1eef in n\u1ed5i c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 len l\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh trong gi\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf qua c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh hay c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i trong bao thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 cho t\u1edbi t\u1eadn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1eef in n\u1ed5i \u2013 lii\u1ec7u c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t sau khi \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t \u2013 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 CSS3 c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19<\/strong>
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Sau khi th\u1eddi gian ki\u1ec3m d\u1ecbch th\u00ec tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng qu\u00fd \u00f4ng qu\u00fd b\u00e0, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau b\u1edfi s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng b\u00f3ng b\u1ea9y hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0ng khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, phong c\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh h\u1ecda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 \u0111ang d\u1ea7n t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng cho m\u00ecnh. D\u00f9 t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u th\u00ec phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd c\u00f2n d\u1ea1o ch\u01a1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng b\u00f9ng l\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0VIRUS<\/a>\u00a0c\u00fam.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00f4ng m\u00e0u pha tr\u1ed9n<\/strong>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

Sau th\u1eddi huy ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gam m\u00e0u r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 th\u00ec gi\u1edd c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u1eefng gam m\u00e0u tr\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean ng\u00f4i. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 n\u00e2u, xanh \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u00f9 t\u1ea1t, n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u pha tr\u1ed9n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e0n lan.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc pha tr\u1ed9n th\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

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Ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef c\u0103n gi\u1eefa<\/strong>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

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Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trong su\u1ed1t 500 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Typography, cho t\u1edbi khi Tschichold v\u00e0 New Typography xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, tr\u00f4ng ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafn ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng ki\u1ec3u s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u1eef c\u0103n gi\u1eefa \u0111ang d\u1ea7n quay l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd nh\u1edd m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng chu\u1ed9ng c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n

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Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua (ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i qua ph\u1ea3i), v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef c\u0103n gi\u1eefa tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

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V\u00ec th\u1ebf, l\u00fd do c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ch\u1ee7 quan h\u01a1n l\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 l\u00fd t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Logo ch\u1eef bao trong kh\u1ed1i tr\u00f2n<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n
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H\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n khi \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t, h\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu h\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Zigzag (Oop!)<\/p>\n

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T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t logo c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i logo tr\u00f2n, v\u00e0 khi logo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ch\u1eef th\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1eef trong kh\u1ed1i tr\u00f2n khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf logo ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt (SKEUOMORPHIC)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n

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Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trang tr\u00ed hay t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh cho m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u201cy nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt\u201d l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ch\u1eef in n\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00f4i khi phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

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Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t website b\u1edfi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

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Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t t\u00f2 m\u00f2 v\u1ec1 phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u1eadt s\u1ebd s\u1edbm ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn (c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng tin).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 trong khi Apple ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ti\u00ean phong trong phong c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u00ec Google d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111i l\u1ea1i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vaccine ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh!<\/p>\n

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Tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t lan truy\u1ec1n \u1ed3 \u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Internet.<\/p>\n

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Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi\u1ebfn l\u00e2y lan b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec l\u00e0m v\u1eady c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u00edch l\u1ee3i g\u00ec. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i phong c\u00e1ch th\u1ea9m m\u0129 web 2.0 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh cho s\u1ef1 b\u00f3ng b\u1ea9y thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u2013 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, hay th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

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H\u00e3y th\u1eed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng ki\u1ec3u font ch\u1eef kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n (sans-selrif), m\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n tr\u1eafng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng font Clarendon hay nh\u1eefng font ch\u1eef c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n cho website (gi\u1ea3 d\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 website b\u00e1n m\u1ee9t b\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u00e0m), th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gam m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y m\u00e0u n\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

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K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 trang web n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng web ra c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi b\u1edfi n\u00f3 gi\u00e0u c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 h\u01a1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, trang web b\u00e1n m\u1ee9t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c \u2013 anh \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd giao di\u1ec7n web cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u2013 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00e0n lan, kh\u00f4ng suy ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n

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V\u1eady l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi. Tr\u1edb tr\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u lu\u00f4n \u0111e d\u1ecda th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1edfi c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e0ng m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

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Khi s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2y lan t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn th\u00ec nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quay sang ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o th\u00eam s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ai c\u0169ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

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D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong quy m\u00f4 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1ecf hay l\u1edbn m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i \u2013 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t nh\u1eb9 hay x\u1ed5 m\u0169i khi b\u1ecb c\u00fam \u2013 nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng k\u00edch d\u1eef d\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang m\u1eafc m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lo l\u1eafng g\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u \u2013 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh trong c\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 kh\u00f3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean th\u00ec b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n sau.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn Portfolio c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea1n y\u00eau th\u00edch thay v\u00ec t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng n\u00ean suy ngh\u0129 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u2013 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed7i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nguy c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft y\u1ec3u trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 khi h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Trong khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 gi\u1eefa \u201cc\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cb\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d. Jean Luc Goddard n\u00f3i, \u201cV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3p nh\u1eb7t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn\u201d.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 li\u00eam ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh l\u00ean kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 chung nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch th\u00ec c\u00e0ng \u00edt kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea1n ngay t\u1eeb v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadn t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1) v\u00e0 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda sang l\u1eb7t v\u1eb7t \u2013 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n r\u1eddi b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gia nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 trang tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

Gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i theo tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 thi kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, v\u00ec th\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd n\u00f3i ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec sai khi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Vi\u1ec7c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn xu h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng \u0111i theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng si\u00eau t\u1ec7, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ebf nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1eadp t\u1eaft t\u01b0 duy s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, s\u1ef1 trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

V\u1eady \u0111\u00e2u m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd? Tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hay c\u1ea3 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng \u0111i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y hay h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1edf th\u00edch hay quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng v\u1eady \u2013 \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tr\u1eddi! V\u1eady th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1nh xa nh\u1eefng tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u xem ra l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00edch? \u0110\u1eebng v\u1ed9i n\u1ea3n l\u00f2ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7t t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng ch\u1ea1y theo c\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Khi Elliot Jay Stocks tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u201cDestroy the web 2.0 look\u201d (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n web 2.0) c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1126,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chua-duoc-phan-loai"],"yoast_head":"\nC\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba - C\u00f4ng ty In Ph\u00fa S\u1ef9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/inphusy.vn\/en\/cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba - C\u00f4ng ty In Ph\u00fa S\u1ef9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7t t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng ch\u1ea1y theo c\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Khi Elliot Jay Stocks tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u201cDestroy the web 2.0 look\u201d (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n web 2.0) c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n [...]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/inphusy.vn\/en\/cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"C\u00f4ng ty In Ph\u00fa S\u1ef9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-03-13T22:57:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-04T07:48:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/inphusy.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20151209112309bf437e78e9d7c4ce019e9e5b621804ce.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"538\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"428\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Phusy Printing\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Phusy Printing\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"16 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/inphusy.vn\\\/cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/inphusy.vn\\\/cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Phusy Printing\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/inphusy.vn\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/892c7905c9f6f27a94f425adbb8dde1c\"},\"headline\":\"C\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-03-13T22:57:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-04T07:48:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/inphusy.vn\\\/cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua\"},\"wordCount\":4867,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/inphusy.vn\\\/cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/inphusy.vn\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/03\\\/20151209112309bf437e78e9d7c4ce019e9e5b621804ce.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/inphusy.vn\\\/cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/inphusy.vn\\\/cac-trao-luu-thiet-ke-tac-hai-va-cach-phong-ngua\",\"name\":\"C\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba - 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